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MOSFET Relay Circuit: Build Your 6V Toggle System
Description
This circuit mirrors the one above, yet employs a N channel MOSFET, such as IRF530, 540, 640, or similar alternatives, instead of the NPN transistor. Smaller MOSFETs may be employed, however, specific part numbers are currently unknown. The circuit was validated using IRF640, IRFZ44, IRFZ34, and REP50N06 components.
The design retains its three key benefits: minimal component count, consistent default relay deactivation, and the elimination of switch debouncing requirements.
During deactivated operation, the 100µF capacitor accumulates voltage up to 6 volts. Activating the button then introduces 6 volts to the MOSFET's gate, triggering its conduction. The capacitor's voltage—and consequently, the gate voltage—decreases from 6 to 3 volts within approximately 200ms. This duration should sufficiently allow the relay contacts to move. For particularly sluggish relays, a larger capacitance might be necessary to compensate.
When the relay is energized, the contacts provide 12 volts across the 3.3K resistor, resulting in a 6-volt gate voltage. This sustains indefinite relay activation. The capacitor subsequently discharges entirely, as the +12 volt relay contact is no longer connected to the 15K resistor.
Upon re-pressing the button, the capacitor applies zero volts to the gate, disabling the MOSFET and, therefore, the relay. Issues arising from prolonged button holding to repeatedly re-engage the relay are avoided, as the gate voltage remains approximately 1.8 volts—a level insufficient for the MOSFET to conduct effectively. However, a wait period of roughly 1 second or longer is needed to permit the capacitor to fully recharge or discharge.
Circuit diagram
