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Build Your Dynamic LED Rhythm Circuit
Description
The fundamental circuit illuminates up to ten LEDs sequentially, following the rhythm of music or speech captured by a small microphone. A more expansive version enables the operation of up to ten strips, comprised of a maximum of five LEDs each, at a 9V power supply. IC1A amplifies approximately 100 times the audio signal received by the microphone and drives IC1B, which functions as a peak voltage detector. Its output peaks synchronize with the peaks of the input signal and control IC2, a decade counter ring, capable of driving up to ten LEDs sequentially.
An additional circuit facilitates the operation of up to ten strips, constructed from five LEDs each (maximum), at a 9V supply. This is formed by a constant current source (Q1 and Q2) shared by all LED strips, along with a switching transistor (Q3), driving a strip formed from two to five series-connected LEDs. Consequently, one transistor and its associated base resistor are required for each of the strips utilized.
Circuit diagram:
Parts:
- R1_____________10K 1/4W Resistor
- R2,R3__________47K 1/4W Resistors
- R4______________1K 1/4W Resistor
- R5,R6,R7______100K 1/4W Resistors
- R8____________820R 1/4W Resistor
- C1,C3_________100nF 63V Ceramic or Polyester Capacitors
- C2_____________10µF 50V Electrolytic Capacitor
- C4____________330nF 63V Polyester Capacitor (See Notes)
- C5____________100µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
- D1___________1N4148 75V 150mA Diode
- D2-D11_________5 or 3mm. LEDs (any type and color)
- IC1___________LM358 Low Power Dual Op-amp
- IC2____________4017 Decade counter with 10 decoded outputs IC
- M1_____________Miniature electret microphone
- SW1____________SPST miniature Slider Switch
- B1_______________9V PP3 Battery
Additional circuit parts (see Notes):
- R9,R10_________10K 1/4W Resistors
- R11____________56R 1/4W Resistor
- D12,D13 etc.____5 or 3mm. LEDs (any type and color)
- Q1,Q2_________BC327 45V 800mA PNP Transistors
- Q3____________BC337 45V 800mA NPN Transistor
Notes:
- The circuit’s sensitivity can be adjusted by modifying the value of R4.
- The circuit’s speed-response to musical peaks can be altered by changing the value of C4, ranging from 220 to 470nF.
- Implementing the supplementary circuit, only one component for R10, R11, Q1, and Q2 is needed to power up to ten LED strips. Conversely, one component for R9 and Q3 is necessary for each strip selected.
- Each R9 input must be connected to IC2’s output pins, replacing the LEDs D2-D11 shown. The R8 component must be omitted.
- If a lower number of LEDs or LED strips is desired, pin #15 of IC2 should be disconnected from ground and linked to the first unused output pin.
- For example, if five LEDs are used, pin #15 of IC2 must be connected to pin #1; if eight LEDs are used, pin #15 of IC2 must be connected to pin #9, and so forth.
- The circuit’s current draw is approximately 10mA.
- When a wall-plug adapter is used instead of a 9V battery, the circuit can be powered at 12V, enabling the use of up to six LEDs per strip, or at 15V, allowing for the use of up to seven LEDs per strip.